What it is
Orthodontics is the branch of dentistry that prevents, diagnoses and treats problems with the position of the teeth and the relationship between the jaws (malocclusion).
In growing children, it can also guide the development of the jaws — known as dentofacial orthopaedics.
When it may be recommended
- Crowded or rotated teeth, or gaps between teeth.
- Crossbite, open bite or deep bite; upper teeth that stick out or sit too far back.
- Difficulty chewing or cleaning the teeth properly.
- Preparation for other treatments, such as implants or oral rehabilitation.
A first orthodontic assessment is recommended as early as possible: some problems can be intercepted during growth with simpler treatments. There is no age limit: adults can also have orthodontic treatment.
What happens
- Assessment appointment and records, which may include photographs, models or digital scans of the teeth and X-rays, when clinically justified.
- Treatment plan: goals, type of appliance and estimated duration.
- Active phase: regular adjustment appointments.
- Retention: once the brace is removed, retainers are used to keep the teeth in their new position.
The most common appliances are fixed braces (metal or ceramic brackets), removable clear aligners and, in children, removable or functional appliances. The choice depends on the clinical case.
Potential benefits
- Better tooth alignment and relationship between the jaws.
- Makes oral hygiene easier.
- May improve chewing and the appearance of your smile.
Limitations and precautions
- Treatment time varies, usually from several months to a few years.
- Requires extra care with oral hygiene to avoid tooth decay and gum inflammation.
- Discomfort for the first few days after each adjustment.
- Without retention, teeth tend to move back to their original position.
- Some cases require extractions or jaw surgery.
Frequently asked questions
Can adults have orthodontic treatment?
Yes. As long as the teeth and gums are healthy, orthodontic treatment is possible at any age.
Clear aligners or fixed braces?
Both are effective in many cases. The choice depends on the type of correction needed and is discussed at the appointment.
What is a retainer for?
It keeps the teeth in their corrected position. The dentist will tell you how long to wear it.
Results and treatment times vary from person to person. Treatment is only recommended after an assessment appointment.